Skin Care Wrinkles, wrinkles appear on most parts of the body where sun exposure is greatest. These especially include the face, neck, back of hands and the tops of the forearms ...
Although wrinkles can mean wisdom, most people today would rather not have. Many products and procedures promise to reduce wrinkles. Some do little or nothing (like the products that claim to reduce "the appearance of fine lines," meaning they do not reduce the rules themselves). Others can achieve a fair amount of success.
Skin ages all over the body, but rather when there is sun exposure has been. Changes caused by sun damage (photoaging) are "dry" (really roughness), sagginess, skin growths like keratoses ("liver spots"), and wrinkles.
Most wrinkles appear on the parts of the body where sun exposure is greatest. These especially include the face, neck, back of hands and the tops of the forearms. Wrinkles come in two categories: fine surface lines and deep grooves. Wrinkle treatments are generally more effective for fine lines. Deeper wrinkles can be more aggressive techniques such as injection of fillers or plastic surgery.
What factors promote wrinkles?
Factors that promote wrinkles include:
1. Smoking
2. Light-skinned (people with blue eyes and easily burned skin are more susceptible to sun damage)
3. Heredity (some families wrinkle more)
4. Hairstyle (some styles coverage and protection against sun damage)
5. Dress (hats, long sleeves, etc.)
6. Occupational and recreational habits (farming, sailing, golfing, using tanning beds, etc.)
Some of these factors are beyond our control. The main preventive measures we can take to be sun exposure and smoking to minimize.
SPF numbers on sunscreen labels refer to protection against UVB radiation (shortwave ultraviolet light, the "sunburn rays"). More and more sunscreens protect against UVA radiation (longer-wave ultraviolet light) also. UVA rays are the ones you see in tanning salons, they may not cause immediate sunburn, but sun damage and skin cancer risk over time to promote. (Sorry, but there is no such thing as a "safe tan.") Sunscreens that block UVA on the label and contain ingredients such as Parsol 1789. The FDA has recently approved Mexoryl, another UVA-blocking ingredient, available in Europe for some time.
What medical treatments and cosmetic procedures are available for wrinkles?
There are several medical (topical medications and creams) and cosmetic techniques available for reducing wrinkles. They include both medical and surgical methods:
Medical treatment:
* Vitamin A acid. (Tretinoin, Retin-A, Renova). This ingredient, available by prescription, is the longest track record of success in treating aging skin and fine lines. Creams with tretinoin should be used on an ongoing basis. They may produce redness and peeling at first, but discomfort can usually be minimized by decreasing the concentration of the cream or apply less frequently until the skin gets used to it.
* Alpha-hydroxy acids. These so-called "fruit acids" include glycolic and lactic acid. Preparations containing these fruit acids are completely safe and cause no more than mild and temporary irritation. They produce only subtle improvements, though.
* Antioxidants. These preparations include vitamins A, C and E and beta-carotene. Such creams may be a degree of protection against the sun and mild improvement of fine wrinkles.
* Ordinary moisturizers. Creams that contain none of the above substances may only be temporary wrinkles less obvious ("reduce the appearance of fine lines").
Cosmetic surgery:
* Glycolic acid peel. This superficial peel is a very small difference in the intensity of fine wrinkles.
* Deeper peels. These peels use ingredients like salicylic acid and trichloroacetic acid and penetrate a little deeper into the skin. Deeper peels do a better job of smoothing fine lines. The deeper the peel, but the greater the risk of side effects, such as prolonged pigmentary changes (changes in color of the skin) and scarring. Such differences do not require anesthesia. Light sedation helps ease the short term, but fairly intense discomfort.
* Microdermabrasion. This refers to "the sanding of the skin" with a machine with silica or aluminum crystals, many beauty specialists offer this service, mostly in "packages" of six or seven sessions. Microdermabrasion does not change the skin anatomy, but may face feel smoother. Cosmetic products marketed as "home microdermabrasion" are just mildly exfoliating, innocent, but probably no significant change in the production of wrinkles. Dermabrasion. This is a real surgical procedure often performed under general anesthesia. The physician uses a rotary tool to sand the skin down. Depending largely on the skill and experience of the operator, dermabrasion can result in a great improvement, but also significant side effects, including scarring and permanent changes in skin color.
* Laser resurfacing. Using instruments such as carbon dioxide and erbium lasers, physicians can achieve results comparable to those of dermabrasion with greater reliability and precision. The laser is passed several times over the area to be treated until the peel reaches the middle of the dermis, the skin layer of the second. This helps stimulate the body's natural collagen synthesis (production), which are fuller in sagging skin and wrinkles. Some doctors perform laser resurfacing under "conscious sedation" in which the patient remains awake and receives intravenous medications to calm and ease pain. This sedation is combined with the application of topical anesthetic creams such as EMLA, and injections of local anesthetics such as lidocaine. Procedures need to be repeated for improvement to maximize. Skin takes a long time to heal (weeks to months) after resurfacing. In addition, this procedure, like dermabrasion, permanent pigment changes and scarring.
* Fractional resurfacing. Newer lasers work by a modification of traditional laser resurfacing. Treatments do not affect the whole skin but instead only evenly distributed spots surrounded by undamaged skin. Healing is much faster than traditional resurfacing, with less "downtime" after that. Multiple treatments are needed to achieve full benefit. Non-ablative laser resurfacing. Newer lasers attempt to stimulate collagen synthesis in the skin without peeling or damaging the epidermis. Studies and clinical experience suggests that such procedures can improve fine wrinkles, but not as much as laser resurfacing. Multiple treatments are necessary. These procedures are virtually painless and there is little or no redness, peeling or downtime afterwards.
* Heat and radio frequency. Another variation of non-invasive facial rejuvenation is to heat tissue using radiofrequency devises and infrared light sources. Techniques are being developed, but the results so far suggest that such treatments are safe and may be visible and lasting improvement, but not as much as surgical techniques like facelifts to produce. Plastic surgical procedures. Surgical facelifts, brow lifts, and such operations can be very useful for selected patients.
* Botox. Injection of botulinum toxin, the muscle poison can paralyze the muscles that "frown lines" on the forehead, fine lines around the eyes, wrinkles and other products. Improvement takes several months and should be repeated to improve support. Injected properly, Botox is very safe: The muscle poison does not spread through the body to do damage elsewhere.
* Fillers. Fillers are injected into the skin to increase volume and wrinkles and folds flat. For a long time, the most popular filler was collagen, whose effect lasts only a few months. More recently, new filler substances such as hyaluronic acid (Restylane, Juvederm) and calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse), become popular, because their effects can last six to nine months or even longer.
Anyone considering a cosmetic surgery must be sure to doctors who have experience in one or more of these techniques to consult. Patients should be fully informed of the risks and potential benefits of the procedure they are considering for the future.
Skin ages all over the body, but rather when there is sun exposure has been. Changes caused by sun damage (photoaging) are "dry" (really roughness), sagginess, skin growths like keratoses ("liver spots"), and wrinkles.
Most wrinkles appear on the parts of the body where sun exposure is greatest. These especially include the face, neck, back of hands and the tops of the forearms. Wrinkles come in two categories: fine surface lines and deep grooves. Wrinkle treatments are generally more effective for fine lines. Deeper wrinkles can be more aggressive techniques such as injection of fillers or plastic surgery.
What factors promote wrinkles?
Factors that promote wrinkles include:
1. Smoking
2. Light-skinned (people with blue eyes and easily burned skin are more susceptible to sun damage)
3. Heredity (some families wrinkle more)
4. Hairstyle (some styles coverage and protection against sun damage)
5. Dress (hats, long sleeves, etc.)
6. Occupational and recreational habits (farming, sailing, golfing, using tanning beds, etc.)
Some of these factors are beyond our control. The main preventive measures we can take to be sun exposure and smoking to minimize.
SPF numbers on sunscreen labels refer to protection against UVB radiation (shortwave ultraviolet light, the "sunburn rays"). More and more sunscreens protect against UVA radiation (longer-wave ultraviolet light) also. UVA rays are the ones you see in tanning salons, they may not cause immediate sunburn, but sun damage and skin cancer risk over time to promote. (Sorry, but there is no such thing as a "safe tan.") Sunscreens that block UVA on the label and contain ingredients such as Parsol 1789. The FDA has recently approved Mexoryl, another UVA-blocking ingredient, available in Europe for some time.
What medical treatments and cosmetic procedures are available for wrinkles?
There are several medical (topical medications and creams) and cosmetic techniques available for reducing wrinkles. They include both medical and surgical methods:
Medical treatment:
* Vitamin A acid. (Tretinoin, Retin-A, Renova). This ingredient, available by prescription, is the longest track record of success in treating aging skin and fine lines. Creams with tretinoin should be used on an ongoing basis. They may produce redness and peeling at first, but discomfort can usually be minimized by decreasing the concentration of the cream or apply less frequently until the skin gets used to it.
* Alpha-hydroxy acids. These so-called "fruit acids" include glycolic and lactic acid. Preparations containing these fruit acids are completely safe and cause no more than mild and temporary irritation. They produce only subtle improvements, though.
* Antioxidants. These preparations include vitamins A, C and E and beta-carotene. Such creams may be a degree of protection against the sun and mild improvement of fine wrinkles.
* Ordinary moisturizers. Creams that contain none of the above substances may only be temporary wrinkles less obvious ("reduce the appearance of fine lines").
Cosmetic surgery:
* Glycolic acid peel. This superficial peel is a very small difference in the intensity of fine wrinkles.
* Deeper peels. These peels use ingredients like salicylic acid and trichloroacetic acid and penetrate a little deeper into the skin. Deeper peels do a better job of smoothing fine lines. The deeper the peel, but the greater the risk of side effects, such as prolonged pigmentary changes (changes in color of the skin) and scarring. Such differences do not require anesthesia. Light sedation helps ease the short term, but fairly intense discomfort.
* Microdermabrasion. This refers to "the sanding of the skin" with a machine with silica or aluminum crystals, many beauty specialists offer this service, mostly in "packages" of six or seven sessions. Microdermabrasion does not change the skin anatomy, but may face feel smoother. Cosmetic products marketed as "home microdermabrasion" are just mildly exfoliating, innocent, but probably no significant change in the production of wrinkles. Dermabrasion. This is a real surgical procedure often performed under general anesthesia. The physician uses a rotary tool to sand the skin down. Depending largely on the skill and experience of the operator, dermabrasion can result in a great improvement, but also significant side effects, including scarring and permanent changes in skin color.
* Laser resurfacing. Using instruments such as carbon dioxide and erbium lasers, physicians can achieve results comparable to those of dermabrasion with greater reliability and precision. The laser is passed several times over the area to be treated until the peel reaches the middle of the dermis, the skin layer of the second. This helps stimulate the body's natural collagen synthesis (production), which are fuller in sagging skin and wrinkles. Some doctors perform laser resurfacing under "conscious sedation" in which the patient remains awake and receives intravenous medications to calm and ease pain. This sedation is combined with the application of topical anesthetic creams such as EMLA, and injections of local anesthetics such as lidocaine. Procedures need to be repeated for improvement to maximize. Skin takes a long time to heal (weeks to months) after resurfacing. In addition, this procedure, like dermabrasion, permanent pigment changes and scarring.
* Fractional resurfacing. Newer lasers work by a modification of traditional laser resurfacing. Treatments do not affect the whole skin but instead only evenly distributed spots surrounded by undamaged skin. Healing is much faster than traditional resurfacing, with less "downtime" after that. Multiple treatments are needed to achieve full benefit. Non-ablative laser resurfacing. Newer lasers attempt to stimulate collagen synthesis in the skin without peeling or damaging the epidermis. Studies and clinical experience suggests that such procedures can improve fine wrinkles, but not as much as laser resurfacing. Multiple treatments are necessary. These procedures are virtually painless and there is little or no redness, peeling or downtime afterwards.
* Heat and radio frequency. Another variation of non-invasive facial rejuvenation is to heat tissue using radiofrequency devises and infrared light sources. Techniques are being developed, but the results so far suggest that such treatments are safe and may be visible and lasting improvement, but not as much as surgical techniques like facelifts to produce. Plastic surgical procedures. Surgical facelifts, brow lifts, and such operations can be very useful for selected patients.
* Botox. Injection of botulinum toxin, the muscle poison can paralyze the muscles that "frown lines" on the forehead, fine lines around the eyes, wrinkles and other products. Improvement takes several months and should be repeated to improve support. Injected properly, Botox is very safe: The muscle poison does not spread through the body to do damage elsewhere.
* Fillers. Fillers are injected into the skin to increase volume and wrinkles and folds flat. For a long time, the most popular filler was collagen, whose effect lasts only a few months. More recently, new filler substances such as hyaluronic acid (Restylane, Juvederm) and calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse), become popular, because their effects can last six to nine months or even longer.
Anyone considering a cosmetic surgery must be sure to doctors who have experience in one or more of these techniques to consult. Patients should be fully informed of the risks and potential benefits of the procedure they are considering for the future.
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